International Journal of Pharmaceutics and Drug Analysis

INFLUENCE OF POLYPHARMACY MANAGEMENT ON CARDIOVASCULAR OUTCOMES IN PTCA PATIENTS WITH LIFESTYLE AWARENESS: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY COMPARING PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT POLYPHARMACY INTERVENTIONS

L Meena Kumari, I Sweety, Bhaskar Muchahary, A.Lakshmikar, P Pravallika — Mon, 18 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400

This prospective observational study evaluated the impact of polypharmacy management and lifestyle awareness on cardiovascular outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). Conducted over six months in a secondary care hospital, 130 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) were assessed using clinical data, medication records, and lifestyle modification scores. Interventions included medication review, optimization, dose adjustments, and patient counseling by clinical pharmacists, alongside lifestyle education. The majority of patients were males aged 51–60 years, with high prevalence of comorbidities such as hypertension and diabetes. Statins and dual antiplatelet therapy were the most frequently prescribed drugs. Patients receiving polypharmacy interventions demonstrated improved medication adherence, better awareness, and reduced rehospitalization rates compared to those without interventions. The findings highlight the critical role of structured pharmaceutical care and lifestyle modification in enhancing long-term cardiovascular outcomes and quality of life in post-PTCA patients, emphasizing the need for integrated, patient-centered management strategies.

ANALYTICAL STANDARDIZATION OF GANDHAGARASAYANAM- ASIDDHA POLYHERBO MINERAL FORMULATION

Pushpa P, Shankar S — Mon, 18 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400

Gandhaga Rasayanam is a Siddhadrug widely used in the treatment of skin diseases. There are multiple methods and various herbo-mineral combinations abundantin Siddha texts to prepare Gandhaga rasayanam. The scientific standardization of traditional preparations is essential to ensure their quality, safety and efficacy. The present study aims to evaluate the physiochemical parameters of Gandhaga rasayanam prepared by, as per the reference Anuboga Vaidya Navaneedham- part 6. It was then subjected to physiochemical and phytochemical evaluation,tests for microbial load, aflatoxins and pesticide residuesas per AYUSH guidelines. The formulation exhibited the presence of characteristic bioactive ingredients in HPTLC profiling and phytochemical evaluation. The safety of this drug is assessed by screening microbial load, identification of aflatoxins and detection of pesticide levels. Thus, the study provides scientific evidence supporting the quality, efficacy, and standardization of the formulation highlighting its potential for further clinical and pharmacological investigations.

INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS OF SIDDHA POLYHERBAL FORMULATION - SAARANAI MOOLI KUZHAMBU

Rajasankar V, S Shankar — Mon, 18 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400

Saaranai Mooli Kuzhambu (SMK) is a polyherbal formulation described in classical Siddha literature for Paandu Noi (Anemia). Standardizing Siddha polyherbal formulation is necessary to ensure the quality of medicines for their safe usage.The study aims to standardize the SMK by modern instrumental analytical techniques such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR), and ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry). The SMK had been prepared as per the reference text “Pathinen Siddharkal Vaithiya Sillaraik Kovai Part II” and screened for particle size, identification of functional groups, and detection of heavy metal contamination. SEM analysis was carried out at IIT-Madras, Chennai. The SEM analysis of the sample showed the presence of nano-and micro particles. The FT-IR spectroscopy and ICP-OES were performed at CCRAS, Chennai. FT-IR has revealed the presence of functional groups like alcohol, carbonyl, amines, and Ethers. ICP-OES indicated that heavy metals such as arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead are detected below the limit of quantification. This study shows how modern standardization methods can improve the reliability and acceptance of polyherbal formulations at the global level.The results show that SMK is preferably nontoxic when used at the recommended dose.

QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYTICAL SCREENING OF SIDDHA POLYHERBAL FORMULATION “INJI PODI” THROUGH INSTRUMENTAL TECHNIQUES

R.Nisha, S. Shankar — Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400

Siddha system of medicine is a traditional system originated from ancient Tamilagam in south India. According to Siddha, 4448 disease classifications are mentioned. ThamaragaNoi (coronary heart disease) is one among the disease. Various medicines are available for ThamaragaNoi in Siddha. One kind of medicine is Inji Podi (IP). Standardization of Siddha formulation is mandatory to assess the quality of the medicines for their safe and discriminate use. The aim of the study was to standardize the IP by modern instrumental analytical techniques such as FTIR, SEM and ICP-OES. SEM analysis was carried out at IIT madras that shows the presence of micro and nano particlesin IP for a better bioavailability of the drug. FTIR and ICP-OES was carried out at CCRAS, Chennai. FTIR analysis confirms the presence ofalcohols/phenols, aliphatic chains, and carbonyl-containing compounds. ICP-OES analysis indicates that the heavy metals such as Mercury, Arsenic, Lead and Cadmium are present as Below Detectable Limit. Based on the results, Inji Podi is safe, preferably non-toxic to humans for its therapeutic dose.

COMPREHENSIVE PHYTO-PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROFILING OF SIDDHA HERBAL FORMULATION “SEVIYA VADAGAM (SV)” FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE

S. K. Sabari Suvetha, C.Meenakshi — Wed, 10 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400

SeviyaVadagam (SV) is a traditional Siddha polyherbal formulation that has long been used for managing jaundice and various hepatic disorders. Despite its extensive traditional usage, scientific validation and standardization are essential to ensure the quality, safety, and consistency of the formulation. This study was designed to investigate the phytochemical and physicochemical properties of SV using standard analytical methods prescribed for Siddha formulations.The formulation was prepared according to classical Siddha text “Aathmarakshamirtham Vaithiya Saara Sangiragam” and subjected to organoleptic, phytochemical, and physicochemical analyses. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of biologically active constituents including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, phenolic compounds, saponins, and triterpenoids. Physicochemical evaluation showed that moisture content, ash values, extractive values, pH, hardness, and friability were within permissible limits, indicating the stability and purity of the formulation. The findings generated from the present investigation may serve as preliminary standardization parameters for SV and also support its traditional use in hepatic disorders. However, further detailed pharmacological and clinical studies are necessary to confirm its therapeutic efficacy and safety profile

ANALYTICAL FINGERPRINTING OF THE SIDDHA POLYHERBAL REMEDY LAVANGADHI VADAGAM (LV) USING FTIR, TLC/HPTLC AND ICP-OES –A QUALITY CONTROL APPROACH

S Fahmidha, K Nalina Saraswathi, J Jeris Agnes — Thu, 11 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400

Siddha polyherbal formulations, rooted in traditional medicine, offer promising holistic management due to their synergistic bioactive constituents. However, standardization and quality control remain critical challenges for their wider acceptance. The present study focuses on the analytical fingerprinting of a Siddha polyherbal remedy Lavangadhi Vadagam (LV) using advanced instrumental techniques, namely Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC), and Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). FTIR analysis was employed to identify functional groups and characterize major phytochemical classes present in the formulation. HPTLC profiling provided a comprehensive chromatographic fingerprint, enabling the detection and comparison of key bioactive compounds. ICP-OES analysis was conducted and to assess the presence of heavy metals, ensuring safety and compliance with pharmacopeial standards. The integration of these analytical techniques establishes a robust quality control framework for the Siddha formulation LV.

PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND STANDARDIZATION OF TRADITIONAL SIDDHA FORMULATION MUTHU CHENDURAM

Karthikaa T, Lakshmanaraj C — Sat, 06 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400

Background: Siddha metallo-mineral formulations such as Muthu Chenduram are traditionally valued for their enhanced bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. However, scientific standardization using modern analytical techniques is essential to validate their safety, composition, and structural transformation.

Objective: To standardize Muthu Chenduram through physicochemical evaluation and advanced analytical techniques including ICP–OES, XRD, SEM, and EDAX.

Materials and Methods: The formulation was prepared as per classical Siddha procedures described in Agasthiyar Chenduram 300, using purified pearl, zinc, mercury, mercury perchloride, sulphur, and milk. Physicochemical parameters were assessed using standard protocols. Elemental analysis was performed using ICP–OES, crystalline phases were identified by XRD, while SEM–EDAX was employed to study morphology and elemental distribution.

Results: The formulation appeared as a fine black powder with low moisture content (LOD: 2.38%) and high inorganic content (total ash: 23.63%). ICP–OES revealed high levels of mercury (74625.9 mg/kg), zinc, and calcium, with negligible lead and cadmium. XRD confirmed the formation of stable crystalline phases, predominantly mercuric sulphide (HgS), along with ZnS and CaCO?. EDAX analysis corroborated the elemental composition, showing dominant Hg–S complexes. SEM analysis demonstrated nanocrystalline particles (11–18 nm) aggregated into microstructures.

Conclusion: Muthu Chenduram is a well-standardized metallo-mineral formulation exhibiting physicochemical stability, nanoscale transformation, and conversion of mercury into a relatively stable sulphide form. The findings support traditional preparation methods and indicate potential for enhanced bioavailability, though further toxicity and pharmacological evaluation are required.

GREEN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY IN PHARMACEUTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT: SUSTAINABLE APPROACHES

Mon, 18 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400

Green Analytical Chemistry (GAC) has emerged as a sustainable approach in pharmaceutical method development, aiming to minimise environmental impact while maintaining analytical efficiency and reliability. Conventional analytical techniques often rely on toxic solvents, high energy consumption, and generate significant chemical waste, necessitating the adoption of greener alternatives. This review highlights the principles of GAC, including reduction of hazardous reagents, minimisation of solvent use, energy efficiency, waste management, and the use of renewable materials. The application of green solvents such as water, ethanol, supercritical CO?, ionic liquids, and deep eutectic solvents is discussed. Various green analytical techniques, including green HPLC, UPLC, SFC, spectroscopic methods, electroanalytical techniques, and microextraction approaches, are explored for sustainable pharmaceutical analysis. Additionally, green sample preparation methods and evaluation tools such as Analytical Eco-Scale, GAPI, and AGREE are emphasised for assessing method greenness. Despite significant advancements, challenges such as limited green alternatives, validation complexities, and cost constraints remain. The integration of green principles with modern analytical technologies is essential for achieving environmentally sustainable pharmaceutical practices.

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