EVALUATION OF ANTI-UROLITHIATIC AND ANTI-NEPHROLITHIATIC ACTIVITY OF COMBINED EXTRACTS OF PHYLLANTHUS FRATERNUS AND CORN SILK

Riyazullah M S; Kesava Y; Jothieswari D; Arjun Kumar; Vijayalakshmi Budagani; Purshotham Chiruthani; Sanjiv Kumar; Prossy Namutangizi

doi:10.47957/ijpda.v14i1.710

Authors

M S Riyazullah Department of Pharmacognosy, Sri Venkateswara College of Pharmacy, Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Y Kesava Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Sri Venkateswara College of Pharmacy, Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh, India.
D Jothieswari Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Sri Venkateswara College of Pharmacy, Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Arjun Kumar Department of Pharmacognosy, Sri Venkateswara College of Pharmacy, Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Budagani Vijayalakshmi Department of Pharmacognosy, Sri Venkateswara College of Pharmacy, Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Purshotham Chiruthani Department of Pharmacognosy, Sri Venkateswara College of Pharmacy, Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Sanjiv Kumar Department of Pharmacognosy, Sri Venkateswara College of Pharmacy, Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Namutangizi Prossy Department of Pharmacognosy, Sri Venkateswara College of Pharmacy, Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh, India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47957/ijpda.v14i1.710

Abstract

Urolithiasis is a prevalent urinary disorder characterized by the formation of calcium oxalate crystals in the urinary tract, leading to significant morbidity worldwide. The present study investigates the anti-urolithiatic and anti-nephrolithiatic potential of combined extracts of Phyllanthus fraternus and corn silk (Zea mays L.), both widely recognized in traditional medicine. The extracts were prepared using Soxhlet extraction and subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening, which revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, and terpenoids. HPTLC analysis further confirmed the presence of key phytoconstituents. The in vitro antiurolithiatic activity was evaluated using calcium oxalate crystal nucleation, aggregation, and growth inhibition assays at concentrations ranging from 250–5000 µg/mL, with sodium citrate as the standard. The combined extracts demonstrated significant concentration-dependent inhibition across all assays. At 5000 µg/mL, the formulation showed 87.21% inhibition of nucleation, 75.81% inhibition of aggregation, and 82.81% inhibition of crystal growth, comparable to the standard drug. Individual extracts showed moderate effects, indicating a synergistic interaction in combination. These findings highlight the potential of the combined extract as a promising natural therapeutic candidate for managing urolithiasis.

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